a) Blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
b) Increases the breakdown of bradykinin
c) Blocks beta-adrenergic receptors
d) Inhibits the reabsorption of sodium in the kidneys
a is correct. ACE inhibitors work by inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme, which is responsible for converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor.
2. Which of the following medications is used as a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes?
a) Metformin
b) Glibenclamide
c) Insulin
d) Pioglitazone
a is Correct. Metformin is commonly used as the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes due to its ability to decrease hepatic glucose production and improve insulin sensitivity.
3. What is the primary adverse effect associated with the use of thiazide diuretics?
a) Hypokalemia
b) Hyperkalemia
c) Hyponatremia
d) Hypercalcemia
a is correct. Thiazide diuretics can lead to hypokalemia, which is a decrease in potassium levels in the blood, as they increase the excretion of potassium in the urine.
4. Which of the following is a common side effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)?
a) Sexual dysfunction
b) Tachycardia
c) Hypertension
d) Drowsiness
a is correct. SSRIs are known to cause sexual dysfunction, including decreased libido, delayed ejaculation, and anorgasmia, in some patients.
5. In the treatment of asthma, what is the primary role of inhaled corticosteroids?
a) Relieve acute asthma attacks
b) Dilate the bronchi
c) Suppress the immune system
d) Reduce inflammation in the airways
d is correct. Inhaled corticosteroids are used to reduce inflammation in the airways, which helps to decrease the frequency and severity of asthma symptoms.